THE STATE OF THE NATION
Ask Nigerians how they feel about the present state of the nation and you will get replies that hinge on the ambience of angst [in most cases] or hopefulness but you will rarely hear someone say: 'it's outrightly good' safe for the one who ascribes to view things through 'the eye of faith'. However, one cannot blame the 'doubters' as their concerns cannot be waved aside- as unfounded- when one considers the 'dispiriting' and 'tense' aura that surrounds some topical issues of national concerns.
At this very moment; Nigeria as a nation is contending with a whole lot of issues. Conspicuous among the many issues are the indisposition of the president, who is reportedly recuperating in a hospital in the United Kingdom and volatile and tension-inducing events [like the political and religious agitations] that have been brewing for some times now- although this seems to have abated to some extent over the last couple of time and one could only hope that resolutions that foster peaceful co-existence are reached in good and appreciable time.

The shift in Administration
Before travelling [to attend to his ailing health] on the 19th of January, 2017, the President, Muhammadu Buhari handed over power- this has helped to curtail the incidence of any administrative hiatus that was witnessed during the last administration when there was a similar case of the president's indisposition- to the vice-president who has since assumed the position of the president albeit in an acting capacity. But despite the handing over, Nigerians have been raising concerns over the 'indefinite'/prolonged absence of the elected president and with the rumour mills continually being awashed with different news, the dust might never get settled until the presidency makes an assertive declaration on the state of the president's health.

Unemployment remains a 'bottleneck'
Although one might be right to say that no nation on earth has been able to completely efface unemployment but the rate of unemployment can be sporadically reduced. The Nigerian unemployment situation appears 'unchanged'- rooted to a spot- with no major improvement [in the aspect of job creation] as the unemployment rate stays at 13.3%- which is far beyond the 'endurable' rate for a healthy economy.

Pyramid schemes reign supreme
The rapidity at which different pyramid schemes are emerging has been utterly profound as the state of the economy and financial encumbrance keep lamentations alive in the hearts of the citizens. Thus some have seen these schemes as a way of seeking quick escape from the apprehension of financial insecurity/'malaise'. Nonetheless, the authenticity and trustworthiness of these schemes are still under scrutiny.
Naira gains some ground on Dollar
If there has been any improvement- though maybe meagre- in Nigeria's economy, it is down to how the Naira is gradually regaining some lost grounds as against the downward spiral the exchange rate had been taking before the acting president began to oversee the administrative function of the nation. The effects of the unstable nature of the exchange rate cannot be overemphasized as the prices of various commodities shoot up and one can only hope that the Naira survives- at least to a striking degree- the onslaught.
One could go on and on talking about the problems bedeviling the nation but never would there be any way forward should we, as a nation maintain a 'care-free' attitude- it is commendable to discuss these issues and also seek a redress as push for national development. There has always been a great tendency to 'sweep things under the carpet' and move on with life...and as the African music legend, late Fela Anikulapo Kuti rightly puts it: 'suffering and smiling...', we look to make some obvious facts non-existing but for how long shall continue to do this? The issues facing us as a nation must be addressed with firmness and effective 'mindstorming' before real progress can be made.

This write-up is intended to be the last of the series on the employment situation in the nation and today, the discourse shall hover around a group that seem to hold the highest stake in the labour market. The employers of labour call the shots and could also in some way, determine what becomes of some destinies...as the saying goes: 'he who controls your time, controls your destiny'. You can read previous discourse on the employment situation in the nigeria here: http://www.asknigeria.com.ng/topic/312/employment-situation-in-nigeria-from-the-government-s-angle AND http://www.asknigeria.com.ng/topic/297/employment-situation-in-nigeria-the-prospective-employee-s-angle
The employer is driven by result which is reflected in profit making thus most of the decisions taken are geared toward actualizing this goal- revenue generation. Therefore, his (employer's) utmost desire is to inject creativity and freshness into the organization as growth is being pursued: this is the motive behind recruiting 'qualified' individuals into different positions in the organization. However, when there is a depreciation in value, with employees not living up to expected standard, the employer could relieve the employee of his/her appointment.
But with the realities on ground- economic crunch and unsteady market operations- recruitment/employment has become more difficult as downsizing takes ascendance with organizations [especially private ones] aiming to 'weather the storm' and gain stability...moreover, some organizations that could not manage the situation have since folded up leaving the unemployment gulf ever gaping.
These underlying factors- economic crises- have had some employers of labour ignominiously making the most of the employment situation as they tend to overexploit employees; consistently and ravenously 'mining the employees' gold' without considering their (the employees' standard of living)- although it might be widely accepted that the objective of every employer is to maximize profit while minimizing cost but the standard of living of the employees, needs to be firmly considered and reviewed. The vulnerability of prospects and/or employees who are desperate of finding a job or maintaining their position, is taken advantage of with the employers inaudibly reserving the fact that should one individual fail to accept their 'substandard' offer; another person will gladly embrace the offer. For instance, I have heard of an employee who [upon the downsizing of her company's workforce] had to take charge of three different positions with no increase in her remuneration.
The machines are taking over
Furthermore, it is not uncommon to see automated machines now taking the place of human as technological advances take sway...slots available for prospective employees and even the established ones in organizations are now reduced. A case study is the bank where Automated Teller Machines are being used for transfer, withdrawal and even deposit hence what is the need of having large numbers of cashiers in the banking hall? But it still remains to be seen if the machines will eventually take over majority of the activities within the 'human space'.

In conclusion; it is quite logical that employers take actions directed at sustainability and development of their organizations but in order to fight unemployment in the nation, it is necessary to look beyond recruiting the 'very best' of applicants; they have got to be committed to the personal development of the staff members of their organizations and also prospective employees who are promising...the employer must learn to invest in people and not just the job alone.

THE FRUITLESS TREE
Mark 11:13-14: And seeing from afar a fig tree having leaves, He went to see if perhaps He would find something on it. When He came to it, He found nothing but leaves, for it was not the season for figs. in response Jesus said to it, “Let no one eat fruit from you ever again.” And His disciples heard it.

The primary purpose of any tree is FRUITFULNESS and a good tree is known by the quality of the 'fruits' it bears and based on the capabilities of the tree, its fruits- these encompass everything that the tree brings forth- could serve as food, shelter, etc. It (the tree) basically sustains life. What then is the essence of a tree that has failed in its purpose? - It is simply good for nothing.
Let me drive this home: Man has been planted by the Creator to take root and stand in the area where he will thrive. However, the unfortunate reality [with man] is that he finds it hard to discover and express what has been deposited on his 'inside' hence becoming less productive and failing to feed the world with his fruit.
God, who made us, is result-oriented- though He is patient with us; he expects us to be fruitful and multiply...He desires that we give Him pleasure as He awaits the return on His investment- man. Therefore, failing to act in line with this [glorious] vision alienates us from the will of God. We become just a 'tree' with nothing tangible to impact on the world...the inability to allow your talent find expression gets a firm grip on you and you eventually get old and die with 'dead or rotten fruits'...how tragic! That fruit was never meant for the grave; it was never given to beget wretchedness...it has been given to enrich the world here and now.
It's time to refocus
At this point, I will like to charge you to examine your life and see if you are really living or just existing- going about your work or [earthly] sojourn with no real sense of who they are or what they should actually be doing; are you taking root and bearing fruits or just 'occupying the space'? Is your life reviving a soul? Should you be found wanting [in being fruitful], it is pertinent to tell you this: It's time to refocus and let out the junk. You might have been lost in the thought that it's too late to learn something new or go for that career change you desire...it's time to refocus your energy- from being doubtful and negative to being positive and thus becoming productive. Awaken those things you have left dormant over the years and delight yourself in the glorious future before you. It's time to inject some freshness into your life and start bearing fruits...this is your moment- use it wisely.
Paraphrasing the words of my pastor: "If you being alive say: 'it's too late'; what should the dead say?" You have got this moment...use it...make it count and stop acting dead!

Answers may vary when you ask people from different places in the world: 'which place is the most frequented area?' But looking away from geographical location, there is a place that we could easily [and generally] come to term the 'most frequented'- and that is the 'WORLDWIDE WEB'.

It has become so popular and easily reached that even a 3-year old could feel its impact and it is readily available at our fingertip. The internet has indeed played a huge role in turning the world into a 'global village'. Nevertheless, despite its popularity and usefulness; it has also become commonplace to see how this medium has been abused time and again.

Without further ado, let us now see some of the ways the internet has thus far been abused:

PROPAGATION OF FAKE NEWS: The accessibility of the internet has been very well utilized by propagandists whose 'business' thrives in spreading false news and rumors that have frequently caused spate of animosity among the audience who participate in the discourse. This act [of spreading false news] has been perfected with pictures [that are often doctored] hence leaving even the learned easily caught up in the 'web of deception'. More disturbing and pathetic is the fact that established media outlets have also joined the bandwagon [of internet propagandists] as ignoble act of spreading fake news assumes primacy over newsworthiness.

PROLIFERATION OF PORNOGRAPHIC LINKS: Although the idea behind the evolvement of the internet is information sharing but I doubt if founding fathers- like J.C.R Licklider; Tim Berners Lee and co- of the internet had envisaged that the invention they helped to develop, would someday be a means through which nudity and other degree of obscenities are commercialized. Gone are the days when an individual has to step out of his apartment to satisfy these 'wanton pleasures' as links to pornographic sites are just a click away. These links create a nuisance on social media and in a world where everyone seems to have the right to his/her own view without pondering over the preservation of good moral standards, it becomes nearly impossible to control the proliferation...all that one can do is to be self-disciplined.

STREAMS OF FRAUDULENT ACTIVITIES: It is not uncommon to hear and/or see how the internet has been used [by unscrupulous individuals] to visit 'misery' upon unsuspecting individuals. The execution of fraudulent activities takes a different dimension with the use of the internet. Fraudsters derive joy- without caring about whether the purpose of the internet is defeated or not- from activities that look seemingly fiddling to those as weighty as defrauding people of huge sums of money. Therefore, one needs to be careful about how he/she relates on social media as you do not know what lies on the other end.

ADDICTION: Most of us might not be found wanting in the previously mentioned forms of abuses; however, when it comes to getting addicted to the internet [especially the social media] we cease to be 'saints'. The internet is supposed to be engaged with clearly defined purpose but this [purpose] is often upended when we get overtaken by pleasure- like having to check the likes and comments our pictures and status have amassed- without having a good conscience as our comfort zone 'homes us in'. This is one of the reasons why some families seem close but are far apart as relationship goes virtual with everyone [in the family] 'clasping' his/her mobile device in the hand hence, having little or no quality time together as a family. Also the time to have used in adding more value to life- doing other gainful things- is wasted in this act. To address this; it is important to be committed to setting priorities right and be self-disciplined in the use of the internet.

The internet is one of the best things that have happened to mankind but it is quite unfortunate that despite the advancement in information and communication technology; the full potential of the internet is still being undermined- yet another form of abuse: underutilization. One key advantage for its existence [in our generation] is to promote commerce but it appears that most people treat this with laxity or they do not just seem to catch the vision and they end up abusing the 'webspace'...The internet is fast becoming the bedrock of businesses in this era and the earlier one realizes this and breakaway from the habit of misusing the medium; the better for growth and development of businesses.

An anthem is not just another song- it is one that should stimulate one's passion for the country [or body] he/she is representing and this is why we see [on rare occasions] some individuals being driven to tears as the national anthem is being sung. Merriam-Webster dictionary defines Anthem as 'a formal song of loyalty, praise, or happiness.' However, the purpose of the anthem is often lost in its musicality as individuals get overtaken by the harmonious composition.

But looking away from the rhythmic appeal- and scrutinizing the wording of the national anthem- one would come to terms with the aim for which the anthem has been put forward. The Nigerian national anthem which was composed by late Benedict Odiase has a rich vein of words and to this end, I shall be dissecting the anthem line by line [following this up with a brief commentary]:

LINE 1-2: Arise, O Compatriots, Nigeria's call obey
Stand up, fellow citizens...stand up to what? [you may ask]- To your responsibility- to contribute your own quota towards national development. Your responsibility is not limited to the job you do as there is a need to raise your voice against the injustice you see around you. Your 'beloved' is calling you out to rise above the shackles that years of mismanagement have visited upon her...Nigeria is earnestly calling out for your service.

LINE 3-4: To serve our Fatherland...With love and strength and faith
It is not just about serving but service must be rendered from the heart with a mind that is attuned towards maintaining good moral standards. The service should not be done with selfish interest which stokes the ember of corruption- I am tempted to ask: 'do the politicians who embezzle national treasure ever get to reason things out before engaging in the act? Furthermore, we are called to serve with vibrancy: many [citizens] have lost this plot because they have been discouraged by the actions of those in administration at different points in time. Nevertheless, to be a faithful citizen, one has got to wane off the negative external factors [that had repressed the mind] and start impacting positive change(s) right from one's area of influence.

LINE 5-6: The labour of our heroes past...Shall never be in vain
Why must you arise, O Compatriots? You should arise simply because that which has been put in place [by our founding fathers] must not be allowed to wobble and fall. Even though you might have doubts over the intentions of past heroes; it is very necessary, at this point, to put aside our differences and work hand-in-hand to sustain our 'beloved'.

LINE 7: To serve with heart and might
Considering SERVICE once again, questions begin to pop up:
Do we still have men who are willing to serve wholeheartedly?
Is there fervency in our commitment to this nation- 'our forgotten beloved'?
Where is the spirit of patriotism?
Rather than asking 'what is in it for me?' [when it boils down to service to the nation] shouldn't we start looking at what our unborn generations would be left with? It is high time we started putting our 'widow's mite' into nation building- whatever [be it time and energy] you can put in would go a long way.

LINE 8-9: One nation bound in...freedom, peace and unity
This final lines of the first stanza of our national anthem is quite weighty as it borders on a whole lot of issues. This nation is meant to be one but how can this oneness be sustained when we have various ethnic groups with some even feeling 'marginalized'? The answer lies in being committed to nation building and promoting national interest above ethnical and political preferences- this goes to citizens and politicians alike.

Again, this one nation was supposed to be bound in freedom, peace and unity...but has this been the case: Is there freedom where we see religious and ethnic violence? Worst still, justice seems unfair to those that have been victimized by these acts of violence. And is there unity where a fellow citizen sees colour and/or ethnicity above the need to preserve humanity?

If this nation is to be held together as one; action plan(s) must be drawn and the foundational values upon which this 'beloved' of ours was built must be reviewed. I believe that we can start the journey of 'making right the wrongs' of many yesteryears by going back to the 'beginning'- our national anthem; singing it with our hearts in it...let's make Nigeria great again...

Arise, O Compatriots,
Nigeria's call obey
To serve our Fatherland
With love and strength and faith.
The labour of our heroes past
Shall never be in vain,
To serve with heart and might
One nation bound in freedom, peace and unity.

The story was told of two children who grew up under the auspices of an alcoholic father...and in adulthood; one of them took after the father's 'unethical' character while the other charted a different- and honorable- path.

They were brought up in the same environment but while one was [negatively] affected by his environment; the other effected a change that offset the norm...they 'became' based what they perceive: one might have perceived his father as a 'role model'- why should one blame him though?- while the other might have seen the negative impact the alcohol was having on his father's sense of reasoning and behaviour thus he decided to be different.

Having said this, I will like to draw your attention to the primal purpose of this article which is intended to look into the factors that get us into where we find ourselves: becoming anything in life is dependent upon two (2) factors:

• Perception

• Words- Your Confession

On Perception: What you see through the eye of your mind will eventually influence what gets drawn to you and what you get drawn to. Your thought process is affected by what you, as an individual, perceives and it is only the thing(s) that you conceive- through your thought process- that you will be able to 'birth'. Hence, when you think lowly of yourself, it becomes impracticable to attain a higher ground...no one gets anything positive dreaming high and seeing 'mediocrity'- this is so because the mind [of such a person] will keep pulling him/her down: there lies the tendency to 'shell up' one's potential. When one fails to address certain thoughts like: 'I don't think I can...'; 'Who am I to attain such a big feat'...; one could gradually [and sometimes ignorantly] open the door to stagnation and backwardness. However, when you rise above your doubts and regressive thoughts- replacing the 'can'ts' with 'can'- you move towards BECOMING the vision that you have conceived or bought into.

Words- Your confession: Words might be of little value to those who do not know its essence of life and/or living but to the person who values life, words can be quite expensive- such persons 'screen' the words they hear and also utter words with utmost care. The Bible even says in Proverbs 18:21: Death and life are in the power of the tongue, and those who love it will eat its fruit.

Words communicate your beliefs to the world: a victor can BECOME by virtue of his utterances and so could a victim by made by his words. This is so because words serve as 'building blocks' that shape one's life. Positive confession gets one going even amidst life's struggles...and this is how a victor is imminently made. However, in the life of a person with 'victim's mentality'; utterances which lack substance serve as a means through which life is viewed as 'tasteless'. As the words of a victim appeals to pity; the words of a victor appeals to purpose and fulfillment- irrespective of who or what comes on board. Furthermore, the words of the victim are often bereft of life but the words of the one who has victory in sight connote hope and exude excitement.

To wrap this up: We all desire to BECOME great in life but we seldom pay close attention to the very things that matter as we get overtaken by 'trivialities' and lost the plot of life- however negligible you think this might be, it does count a whole lot. So much events or ideas come up in our mind that we never take charge of...and our words then get to shape our future. Therefore, to get the most out of life- and become the vision or [glorious] future you are picturing; you must start perceiving greatness and imbibe [and appreciate] the culture/power of positive confession.

The top is meant for you...don't stop until you become it: perceive and let your word shape the world you dream of...

Buying a car could be quite challenging at times when one puts some factors- though these factors are sometimes easily overwhelmed by the pride that comes with owning a choice automobile- into consideration.

Firstly, there might exist fears over getting a credible seller [especially when you are aiming to buy a fairly used car]. Another critical factor is the cost: this is a key determinant considering the times we are in at the moment- economic crunch. Hence, the desire to get cars at a cheap rate is triggered. Plus the reason why Nigerians go for 'used' cars, is largely based on the relatively low price of such cars.

Back in time; the common trend among Nigerians was [and probably still is] to directly buy cars from overseas using their foreign contacts. However, with the propagation of online marketplaces [where prospective buyers are linked with car sellers/dealers], it has become much easier to make purchases via the internet.

Some of these online marketplaces where you can get cheap cars include:

Cheki

About the best online car retail and outsourcing store. Cheki offers buyers a range of automobiles with good quality at an affordable price. You can check them out on www.cheki.com.ng

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Carmudi (Jumia cars)

Carmudi stands for quality in service and delivery and you can be rest assured of getting the best at a reasonable price. Visit: car.jumia.com.ng Efritin: Here is another place to visit when you are considering buying cheap cars...the flow of traffic on this site shows that it is an attractive platform to buy from...one of the lures could be the low prices of the cars displayed there.

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Jiji

Jiji serves as a haven for buying used cars as it directly brings prospective buyer in contact with the seller without much hassle. It is important to note that the marketplaces listed above have measures in place to ensure that there is a smooth running of the transaction between the buyer and the seller. For instance; having their officials going to verify and test-run the vehicle before sales are made.

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Other automobile dealership where you can get either 'fairly used' or 'new' cars at a considerably cheap price include:

Tejude Motors

Tejude Motors has both 'used' and 'new' cars on display and this is at an affordable price. They offer used cars at quite a cheap and commendable price 'without putting quality to the slaughter'.
LOCATION: No. 299, Ikorodu Road, Idiroko, Lagos State.

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Affordable Cars

The name says it all...if you desire to get that choice car without having to spend your fortune then this is a place to check out. **LOCATION**: 76, Opebi Road, Ikeja, Lagos.

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Banix Motors

Cars- especially fairly used ones- that are in good condition are available here at an inexpensive price...and this is even matched with good customer service. **LOCATION**: 6, Amara Olu Street, Agidingbi Road, 1st gate, Ikeja, Lagos.

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Kefiano Autos

With an array of posh cars on display, one will definitely be spoilt for choice at Kefiano Autos. And these cars come at an affordable price...at least you get a value for your money. They also deal in 'used' cars. **LOCATION**: Plot 760, Mohammed Way, Central Business District, Abuja.

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Lanre Shittu Motors

When it comes to automobile dealership; Lanre Shittu Motors rings a bell. This is a go-to place to get tested and trusted cars at a cut-price rate. **LOCATION**: No. 15, Alhaji Tokan Street, Alaka Estate, Surulere, Lagos State.

The list could go on and on but buying cheap is not limited to established dealership alone as one gets to come across individuals who are willing to sell their cars at a low price.

In ending; 'cheap' might mean 'used' in the Nigerian parlance but 'used'/'cheap' should not translate to total decline in quality hence when buying 'fairly used' cars; it is necessary to check certain things in the car- the mileage, state of the engine and some other vital accessories must be carefully examined.

The South South region- commonly referred to as 'Niger Delta'- is arguably the richest and maybe the most blessed region in Nigeria. This is informed by the fact that majority of the crude oil resources upon which the nation's economy is driven, is derived from different states across this region. Nevertheless, the region is not just about crude oil alone as mineral and natural resources like rubber, timber, plywood, clay, iron-ore, limestone, etc are spread in abundant proportions in the component states.

However, amidst the vast resources of the Niger Delta, the peaceful ambience of its environs has often been interjected by varying degrees of uprisings- most notably 'militancy' and the recent infernal acts of blowing pipelines...nonetheless, all these have not made the Niger Delta lose its uniqueness and colour.

We shall now take a glimpse at each of the states in the South South region:

South South states: Akwa Ibom; Bayelsa; Cross River; Delta; Edo; Rivers.

AKWA IBOM

Akwa Ibom was carved out from Cross River state on the 23rd of September, 1987. The 'Land of promise' has it is fondly called, is currently the highest producer of petroleum resources in the nation; accounting for around 31.4% of Nigera's crude oil production. The state boasts of a wide range of good road networks and good infrastructures. Akwa Ibom is bounded by Cross River State to the east; Rivers and Abia states to the west and the Atlantic ocean to the south. With a population that is well over five (5) million, the state stands as one of the most populous states in the Niger Delta.
Some other facts
Governor: Udom Gabriel Emmanuel
Capital: Uyo
No. of LGAs: 31
Land area: 7, 081sq km
Tourist Attraction Centres: Ibom Plaza; Ibeno Beach; National Museum of Colonial history; Ibom Tropicana Entertainment Center; Amalgamation House; Lord Lugard's Residence.
Mineral Resources: lead, zinc, clay, limestone, lignite, coal, laterite, gravel, crude oil, silver nitrate.
Local delicacies: Edikang Ikong; Afang soup; Ekpang Nkukwo (Cocoyam porridge); Afere Ikon; Afia Efere Ebot; Asa Iwa (Cassava porridge); Asa Akpakpa (Corn porridge); Edesi Isip; Anyan Ekpang.
Ethnic groups: Annang; Ibibio; Oron; Andoni; Okkobor; Edet; Ibeno.

BAYELSA

Having been brought out from Rivers state on the 1st of October, 1996, Bayelsa could be regarded as the most nascent state in the Niger Delta. The state is deeply embedded in the south south region as it is bordered by Rivers state on the west; Delta state on the east and the Gulf of Guinea to the south. Furthermore, the state can be adjudged to be an island as it is completely encircled by water. With a population of about 1.9 million, it is the least populated of the south south states.
Some other facts
Governor: Henry Seriake Dickson
Capital: Yenagoa
No. of LGAs: 8
Land area: 9, 415.8 sq km
Tourist Attraction Centres: Oxbow Lake; Peace Park; Isaac Adaka Boro Monument; Oloibiri oil Museum; Mangrove Museum; Akassa Lighthouse; Edumanom Forest Reserve.
Mineral Resources: clay, gypsum, manganese, limestone, uranium, lignite, crude oil.
Local delicacies: Kekefiyai, Ignabeni, Dirima Berima, Obudu, Pulou fiai, Podo podo (cocoyam porridge), Kiri-Ignia
Ethnic groups: Ijaw, Kolokunu, Ekpetiama, Igbriran, Atissa, Biseni.

CROSS RIVER

Cross River state was originally created in the year 1967. The state is bounded northerly by Benue state; westerly by Ebonyi and Abia states; easterly by Cameroon and southerly by the Atlantic ocean and Akwa-Ibom state.
The 'people's paradise' is indeed a 'home of beauty' and this is seen in the picturesque landscapes present in the state. Cross River state has come to be the cynosure of all eyes and it could be forgivable to have considered this paradise, 'the most civilized' state in the south south. The different colourful festivals/carnivals- the Christmas Festival- further projects this state to the world.
Some other facts
Governor: Benedict Ayade
Capital: Calabar
No. of LGAs: 18
Land area: 20, 156sq km
Tourist Attraction Centres: Obudu cattle Ranch and Obudu Mountain Resort; Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary; Kwa Waterfalls; Agbokim Waterfalls; Tinapa Business Resort; Cross River National Park, Calabar slave Park.
Mineral Resources: kaolin, brine, crude oil, gravel, iron-ore, barite, feldspar, granite, limestone.
Local delicacies: Unam Ntong, Editan soup, Afia Efere soup, Ayan Ekpang, Ukwogho Etidot soup, Ukang Ukom, Edikang Ikong, Atama soup.
Ethnic groups: Efik, Bekwarra, Ejagham, Boki, Yala, Yakurr, Bahumono, Adim, Ekoi, Ekajuk, Bachere.

DELTA

Delta state is one of the states with a considerable high amount of crude oil output in the region. The state was created on the 27th of August, 1991 with Air Commodore Luke Chijiuba Ochulor (rtd.) being her first administrator. The state has a mix of core natives; Yoruba-like natives (Itsekiri and Olukumi) and the Igbo-like natives (Anioma) but the most dominant tribe in Delta state is the Urhobo ethnic group as it makes up about 50% of its population- the total being over four (4) million. Although the state capital is Asaba; Warri- which is the commercial base- appears to be the most popular city in the state: this might also be down [in part] to the fact that this very city has produced many top entertainers...Alibaba, Akpororo, Eric Arubayi and so on...plus as the saying goes: 'Warri no dey carry last'.
Geographically, Delta state is bounded by Edo and Ondo states to the north and west; Anambra, Imo and Rivers states to the northeast; Bayelsa state to the southeast and the Bight of Benin to the south.
Aside from being an oil-producing state; vast agricultural activities are engaged in and the land is also blessed with timber, plywood and rubber.
Some other facts
Governor: Arthur Okowa Ifeanyi
Capital: Asaba
No. of LGAs: 25
Land area: 16,842sq km
Tourist Attraction Centres: Araya Bible site; Abraka Turf and Country Club; River Ethiope water source; Otuogu Beach; Living history Museum; Kwale Game Reserve; Okpuzu Fall; Mongo Park Building.
Mineral Resources: kaolin, silica-sand, tar sand, iron-ore, decorative rocks, crude oil.
Local delicacies: Ofe Akwu, Ukhodo, Owgho soup, Ogbono soup, Usi (Starch), Oghwevwri, Iriboto, Okpariku.
Ethnic groups: Anioma, Isoko, Itsekiri, Izondjo, Ukwani, Urhobo.

EDO STATE

Edo state is one of the two states- the other being Delta- to have emerged from old Bendel state in 1991. The state is believed to be what is left of the majestic Benin Kingdom of the 15th century. This is a state with a rich cultural heritage and this could be seen in the transcendence of artifacts and relics down different generations. The state is known for its arts and crafts- bronze casting and woodworks and it is even commonplace to see the women of this land gorgeously adorning varying styles of beadworks. This is one state where the monarch is highly revered and accorded great honour.
The state could be said to be on the extreme of the Niger Delta- as it is the closest to the west- and being an 'inland' state; it is away from the coastline. The land is bordered by Kogi state on the north and east; Delta state in the south and Ondo state in the west.
Some other facts
Governor: Godwin Obaseki
Capitall: Benin
No. of LGAs: 18
Land area: 17, 802sqkm
Tourist Attraction Centres: Okomu National Park; Ogba Zoological Garden; Benin City Museum; Benin City Wall & Moat; NIFOR Estate; Gelegele Fountain; Somorika Hill; Casters & Crafts Center; Oba's Palace.
Mineral Resources: crude oil, limestone, marble, iron-ore, gold, clay, bitumen, crude oil, dolomite phosphate.
Local delicacies: Ogi soup, Omoebibi (Black soup), Omi Ukpoka (corn soup), Pepper rice, Owo soup, Umwonmwen, Ikhiavbor (Okro soup).
Ethnic groups: Ishan, Etsako, Bini, Ebirra, Okpamheri, Owan, Uneme, Igbanke, Ijaw, Emai.

RIVERS STATE

Rivers state is one of the two oldest states of the region- it was created along with Cross River State [upon the schism of the eastern region] in year 1967. The state [with a population of over 6.5 million] is most populous state in the Niger Delta. Rivers State definitely has a stake in the annals of Nigeria's oil exploration history as crude oil was first discovered in Oloibiri- although this settlement is now in Bayelsa. And in terms of industrialization; the state could be adjudged the 'most industrialized' in the region and could even stand as a major force or competitor with Lagos in the years to come.
The state is the furthermost southern state and its landmass is well punctuated by rivers, mangrove swamps and tropical rainforest. Rivers state is bounded by Imo, Abia and Anambra states to the north; Bayelsa and Delta states to the west; Akwa Ibom state to the east and the Atlantic ocean to the south.
Some other facts
Governor: Nyesom Wike
Capital: Port-Harcourt
No. of LGAs:
Land area: 11,077sqkm
Tourist Attraction Centres: Finima Beach; Biseni Forest; Upper Orashi Forest Reserve; Isaka Holiday Resort; Bonny Island; The Nature Park; Isaac Boro Garden Park; Rivers state Museum.
Mineral Resources: silica-sand, crude oil, clay, marble, lignite.
Local delicacies: Onunu, Odu fulo, Buru fulo.
Ethnic groups: Kalabari; Okrika; Ogoni; Ikwerre; Ibani; Opobo.

In conclusion, it is obvious that the Niger Delta is a land of vast resources and beautiful topography however years of exploration [of crude oil] has left the ecosystem of most of its communities in abjectness thus leaving the inhabitants in a hapless state. Therefore, it is necessary for the government- federal and state- to fashion out an effective way of speeding the development of the component states.

In a world where the needs of every individual vary; there are certain commodities that command great appeal from prospective customers. Irrespective of the downward economic trend, these goods still evoke considerable consumer confidence hence a high purchasing order is obtainable in the area of sales.

Overtime, these goods have stood the test of time [as their producers have made them evolve in consonance with market dynamics]; some [FMCG] have however cause huge and commendable stir [upon their introduction to the market] as they tend to move out of stock very quickly.

The handiness; packaging; brand name and quality of these fast moving consumer goods have played a major role in making them 'household names'...items like gala, indomie, soft-drinks, fashion products, etc now occupy a space in our subconscious.

Some of the fast moving consumer goods are discussed forthwith

Packaged/Processed Food: In an 'Indomie' generation- my term for describing a world where people want things available in quick succession- and with food being a basic and essential need; the demand for packaged or processed foods becomes obviously high. Despite the 'junky' nature and probable insatiability of these foods, they still arouse the appetite of prospective consumers. Among these, we have sausage roll (e.g.: gala, meaty, etc) indomie, sardine, plantain chips, snacks and so on.

Cleaning Agents: For the singular reason that no one wants to walk around dirty or inhabit an unhygienic environment; cleanliness takes a focal point in our daily routine. Whether for bathing, washing or cleaning, soap and other cleansing agents become very essential. Soap and detergents like Premier, Imperial Leather, Mama gold, Klin, etc have become regular handy items in and around the home. 'Hypo', for its effectiveness in cleaning and washing white clothings and some vessels (like toilet basins and closets), is also drawing huge patronage from customers.

Phones and Phones' Accessories: The advent of ground-breaking technological advances came along with a 'craze'- that is even catalyzed by man's unquenchable desire to try out something new- that often gets the telephony and/or telecommunications industries terrifically buzzing. It is hard to come by an individual who does not possess a mobile device and phone manufacturers like Samsung, Microsoft, Tecno, Apple, etc have thus far had their products actively landing in the grasps of customers from time to time.
Furthermore, owing to the fragility of some of these devices; phone accessories are also in high demand: screen, battery, screen guard, pouches and so on command substantial purchasing order.

Recharge Cards: In a way, the demand for recharge cards can be viewed as an offshoot of the technological advancement as rudimentary means (like letter-writing, etc) of communication have been nearly phased out. And with communication being an essential aspect of human lives, service providers like Airtel, Etisalat, Globacom and MTN have made [and will continue to make] a fortune through the production and eventual sales of these cards- and even though this could have been through giving out franchise to interested partners.

Beverages/Fruit Juice: The refreshing taste of a cold drink is one temptation consumers find hard to overcome...to the lure; drinks like Coca-cola, Fanta, Sprite, beer [like Gulder, Star, etc] have left an impression on the customers. Coupled with this, you have different milk brands [like Peak, Hollandia, Three crown, etc] and tea [like Milo, Bournvita, etc] that are steadily moved out of stock. Also fruit juices like Dansa, Hollandia yoghurt and so on command great respect in the market.

Clothing/Fashion accessories: The mantra: 'looking good is good business' does ring bell here and to the ones who deal in fashion accessories; there is never an end to the opportunities available to them. Everyone desires to look good hence, as long as we live, clothing materials will remain high in demand. Furthermore, for women [though maybe some] artificial hair and make-up kits are some essentials that cannot be left out of their collection. Permit me to add this: Cosmetics like creams and lotions are also doing well in the market.

In conclusion: it is not uncommon to see consumers who are not concerned about brand names. However, certain brands dominate the market and they can hardly be overlooked: for instance; over the years, Dangote products (e.g: salt, sugar, pasta, cement, etc) have been among the top fast moving consumer goods in Nigeria and this is seen in the company's turnover. Aside Dangote products, another company that is great exploit in manufacturing FMCG is Chi Limited, makers of Hollandia milk...I believe one thing that is setting this company apart is its creativity in reeling out different quality products that bring about customer satisfaction...'Hollandia evap', Hollandia yoghurt, Happy hour, Superbite... just to mention a few are some of the products we have come to love and that we will always love to buy.

Wholesalers and Retailers who understand market trends very well will definitely generate good profit dealing in any of these goods since they readily appeal to customers regardless of his/her orientation- social or anti-social. And the newbies could also venture into marketing any of these goods but with a credible feasibility study and plan.

Man is a creation that has been made to be an initiator of ideas and these ideas are meant to be used for his upliftment and also a way through which he contributes his quota to the development of his immediate society. However, while some succeed in turning their ideas into profitable ventures; some struggle and/or fail in the quest to nurture their ideas into full-blown businesses. Muhammad Yunus, the man who authored 'the Banker to the poor', once said: "All people are entrepreneurs but many don't have the opportunity to find that out". It is in unearthing the entrepreneurial abilities of certain persons [who dare to take the leap] that the input of non-governmental becomes quite appreciable. These NGOs help providing capital; mentorship and probably creating avenues whereby local entrepreneurs get display their innovations to a global audience.

Hence, without further ado, let us see some NGOs that assist in turning an entrepreneur's 'seed' into bountiful harvest:

The Tony Elumelu Foundation: Through the conception of the Tony Elumelu Foundation Entrepreneurship Programme, the foundation has set out to help entrepreneurs across the African continent actualize their dream of becoming successful business owners. The programme which is a brainchild of influential and successful businessman, Tony Elumelu, will be bankrolled with $100 million over the span of ten (10) years. The objective of the programme is to provide participants- entrepreneurs- with some essential needs (like skill, capital and mentorship) that will enable them develop their businesses. It is envisioned that through this programme, a total of ten thousand entrepreneurs who will in turn help drive development- economic and human resource- in Africa, would have been produced within the next decade. With this programme, the foundation has thus far empowered about three thousand individuals and the 2017 event will be the fourth of its kind...application is currently ongoing for the 2017 programme and interested persons can apply through this link: https://application.tonyelumelufoundation.org/application

LEAP Africa: The LEAP [Leadership, Effective, Accountability & Professionalism] initiative was founded by Ndidi Okonkwo Nwuneli in 2002. The body aims to help build entrepreneurs with good leadership qualities and also empower them with the skill needed to drive business sustainability. LEAP Africa is in partnership with JP Morgan, Sahara group, Microsoft, Lafarge, Coca-Cola Foundation, Citi Foundation, Aspen Institute...just to mention a few. The office is at 13, Omorinre Johnson Street, Lekki phase 1, Lagos.

Center for Enterprise Development and Action Research (CEDAR): This NGO is located in Ibadan and it is in partnership with the University of Ibadan Distance Learning Centre and the Center for Development Enterprises (CDE) in Belgium. It has been set up to help aspiring entrepreneurs achieve their goal(s) by ensuring that they have access to information on market intelligence; skill acquisition and also micro-credit.

Center for Entrepreneurial Development Lagos (CEDL): CEDL is a Lagos based non-governmental organisation that provide business information and funding to prospective entrepreneurs. The objective of this body is to foster, nurture and promote innovative ideas from individuals and Small and Medium scale Enterprises. The officials of this organization hold an interactive briefing session with interested individuals every last Saturday of the month. Their office is located at No. 36, Murtala Mohammed International Airport Road, Lagos.

FATE FOUNDATION: The FATE foundation was founded over sixteen years ago by former managing director of Guaranty Trust Bank, Fola Adeola. The foundation [through its two major programmes- Aspiring Entrepreneurs Programme and Emerging Entrepreneurs Programme] trains prospects on the skills needed to grow and nurture ideas into burgeoning business. Since its inception, the foundation has equipped over 70,000 entrepreneurs with useful information and mentorship on business strategies. FATE Foundation is in partnership with KPMG, Microsoft, Mainone, Ford Foundation, Bank of Industry and recently joined the Youth Business International Network.

Some other non-governmental organizations with the objective of providing entrepreneurship support for individuals who are passionate about turning their innovative ideas into fortune include:

• Seedstars Africa

• 88 mph

• Center for Citizens' Emancipation and Empowerment

• 440

• Ashoka Africa

• Women in Management and Business (WIMBIZ)

• Sir Emeka Offor Foundation

However, it is worthy to note that [at one point or the other] certain professional bodies have set aside some funds for entrepreneurial advancement. For instance, the Y.E.S (Young Entrepreneurs and Students) grant was initiated by the Nigerian Young Professionals Forum in partnership with Heritage Bank; the African Women's Development Fund which is given to organizations, is yet another example among many others.